·Î±×ÀÎ | óÀ½À¸·Î | ±â»çÀÔ·Â | ¸®Æ÷ÅÍ(¼±±³±âÀÚ) °¡ÀÔ | KCM Ȩ
 
   Æ¯º°È£ 12È£ ¹ÙÀÌºí ¿þÀÌ [05-08]
   Á¦375È£ [05-07]
   Á¦374È£ [10-30]
¼Óº¸(±ä±Þ±âµµÁ¦¸ñ)
¼±±³ÇöÀå
 µ¿ºÏ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ
 µ¿³²¾Æ½Ã¾Æ
 ÀεµÂ÷À̳ª
 ¼­¾Æ½Ã¾Æ
 CIS(Á߾ӾƽþÆ)
 Áßµ¿
 µ¿À¯·´
 ¼­À¯·´
 ºÏ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«
 ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«
 ¿À¼¼¾Æ´Ï¾Æ, ÅÂÆò¾ç
 ºÏ¹Ì
 Áß³²¹Ì
 ºñ°ÅÁÖ, ¼øȸ
 ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ ±Ù·ÎÀÚ
¼±±³¼Ò½Ä
¼±±³´Üü
Ǫ¸¥¼¶¼±±³Á¤º¸
AFMI
±³°è, ¹®È­
¿ÀÇǴϾð
¸ñȸ, ½ÅÇÐ
û³â, ´ëÇлý
±âȹ, ƯÁý
Æ÷Åä/µ¿¿µ»ó
ÇØ¿ÜÇÑÀα³È¸
¼±±³ÇÐÀÚ·á
ÇØ¿ÜÀϹÝ
Çѱ¹ÀϹÝ
ÁÖ¾Ó±³È¸
¹Ì¼Ç¸Å°ÅÁøÀ» ¸¸µå´Â »ç¶÷µé...
facebook ¹Ì¼Ç¸Å°ÅÁø ÆíÁýȸÀÇ
¼½¼Ç ¼±±³ÇöÀå > ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« µî·ÏÀÏ 2012-06-11
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ °ü¸®ÀÚ (admin)
¼Ò¹®³­ ±¤½ÅÀÚ, ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«Àεé(Africans are notoriously religious)
°­º´±Ç ¼±±³»ç, AIM Korea Director

MbitiÀÇ ¡®¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³¿Í öÇС¯À» ÀÐÀ¸¸é¼­ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ¼±±³»ç·Î ³ª°¡±â Àü ÀÌ Ã¥À» ÀÐÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¸ø³» ¾Æ½¬¿ü´Ù. ÀÌ·± Ã¥À» ¸ø ÀÐÀº ¿©·¯ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ´î ¼ö ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³³ª ¹®È­´Â ¼±±³Áö¿¡ °¡¼­ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹è¿ï ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸®¶ó´Â ±â´ë ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ¼±±³ ÇöÀå¿¡¼­ ¼¼½ÉÇÏ°Ô °üÂûÇÏ°í ÇöÁöÀε鿡°Ô Áú¹®ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¹è¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ³»°¡ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³¿Í ¹®È­´Â ¸Å¿ì Ç¥¸éÀûÀÌ°íµµ Á¦ÇÑÀûÀ̶ó °í¹éÇÒ ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù.
¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ±âµ¶±³ ÁöµµÀÚµé°ú ¼±±³»çµéÀº ¼­½¿¾øÀÌ ¡®¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ±âµ¶±³´Â 1¸¶ÀÏÀÇ ³ÐÀÌ¿Í 1 ÀÎÄ¡ ±íÀÌ¡¯¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ³ª Àڽŵµ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ°í ¿Ö ±×·±°¡ °í¹ÎÇØ¿Ô´Ù. MbitiÀÇ Ã¥À» ÀÐÀ¸¸ç ºñ·Î¼Ò ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¼Ó³»¸¦ ¾Ë °Í °°¾Æ ¿¬½Å °í°³¸¦ ²ô´öÀÌ¸ç ¸¶Ä§³» Ç®¸®Áö ¾Ê´ø ¼ö¼ö²²³¢ÀÇ ´äÀ» ¾òÀº °Í °°¾Ò´Ù.

ÇÑÆí ¡°¿À´Ã °°Àº Æ÷½ºÆ®¸ð´õ´ÏÁò ½Ã´ë¿¡ ¿Ö ±»ÀÌ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Á¾±³¸¦ °Å·ÐÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í Àϱî?¡± ÀDZ¸½Éµµ »ý°å´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³µé°ú »ç»óÀº ±×µéÀÌ ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÌ µÇ°Å³ª Ȥ ¹«½½¸²ÀÌ µÇ±â Àü, ½Ä¹ÎÁö ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿À±â ÀÌÀü ±×µéÀÌ °®°í ÀÖ´ø »çȸÀÇ ÀüÅëÀû °ü³äµéÀ» ´Ù·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿äÁò ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«´Â ±Þ°ÝÇÑ º¯È­¸¦ °Þ°í Àֱ⿡ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °ü³ä, »ç»óÀ» µµ¿Ü½Ã ÇØ ¹ö¸®°Å³ª ȤÀº º¯È­µÇ°Å³ª »óȲ¿¡ µû¶ó º¯»öµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç °ÍµéÀÌ ¹Ù²î¾ú°í ÀØÇôÁ®¼­ ¿¾ ÀÚÃ븦 ãÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸®¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Å« À߸øÀÌ´Ù. Áö¿ªÀûÀ¸·Î Ȥ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ »ç°í °ü³äÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¸¹Àº ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ÀεéÀÇ Àü »îÀÇ ±â¹ÝÀ» Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù.
Mbiti´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀüÅë ½Å¾Ó°ú °ü½ÀÀ» ÅëÇØ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³¿Í öÇÐÀÇ Àü¹ÝÀû ±×¸²À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. Mbiti°¡ ²Å´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ÀüÅëÁ¾±³ÀÇ ¿äÁ¡Àº: ¿ì¼± ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ÀεéÀÌ ¼Ò¹®³­ ±¤½ÅÀÚµéÀ̾ Á¾Á·¸¶´Ù °íÀ¯ÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ½Å¾Óü°è¿Í ÀǽÄÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. Á¾±³°¡ »îÀÇ Àü ¿µ¿ª¿¡ ±íÀÌ ½º¸çµé¾î Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ» °¡·Á³½´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ½±Áö¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ¡®¼º¡¯°ú ¡®¼Ó¡¯ ¶Ç´Â ¡®¿µÀûÀÎ °Í¡¯°ú ¡®¹°ÁúÀûÀÎ °Í¡¯À» µû·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ÀüÅë ½Å¾Ó°ú °ü½ÀÀ» ¹«½ÃÇØ ¹ö¸°´Ù¸é ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÎÀÇ Çൿ¾ç½ÄÀ̳ª ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ç»ó°ú °ü³äÀÌ ¸ðµç Àΰ£ÀÇ »ç°í¿Í Çൿ ±âÀú¿¡ ±ò·Á Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀüÅë Á¾±³¸¦ ¿¬±¸ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ÀεéÀÇ »îÀÇ ±âÀú¸¦ µé¿©´Ù º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ°í, ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ÀεéÀÌ °¢±â ´Ù¸¥ »óȲ¿¡¼­ Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç°í¿Í Çൿ ºÐ°£ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

ÀüÅë Á¾±³´Â ÀÏÂ÷ÀûÀ¸·Î °³Àκ¸´Ù´Â °³ÀÎÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑ Àΰ£ÀÇ Á¸Àç´Â Àü °øµ¿Ã¼¿¡ ¼Ò¼ÓµÊÀ¸·Î °¡´ÉÇÏ°í ±× °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ ½Å¾Ó°ú Çà»ç, Á¾±³Àǽİú ÃàÁ¦¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °Ýµ¿ÇÏ´Â Çö´ëÀÇ º¯È­ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ °¢ °³ÀÎÀº Á¾±³Àû ±âÃÊ°¡ »ó½ÇµÈ Áø°ø»óÅ·Π³»¸ô¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ ÁÖ¿¡ ÇÑ µÎ ¹ø µå³ªµå´Â ±âµ¶±³´Â ÀÌ Áø°ø»óŸ¦ ä¿ï ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀεéÀº ÀüÅëÀûÀ¸·Î ÃÑüÀû ȯ°æ°ú ÃÑüÀû ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ´Ù Á¾±³Àû Àǹ̷Πä¿öÁ®¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ¶§ ºñ·Î¼Ò ÇÑ °³ÀÎÀº ¾î¶² ¼ø°£¿¡ ¾îµð¼­µç ÁøÁ¤À¸·Î Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ ¾ç½ÉÀ» µû¶ó ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÈÁ¤°¨°ú È®½ÅÀ» °®°Ô µÈ´Ù.

ÀüÅë Á¾±³´Â º°µµÀÇ ¾Ï¼Û ±¸ÀýÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ´ë½Å ãáðÉ(½ÅÁ¶)°¡ °¢ °³ÀÎ °¡½¿¼Ó ±íÀÌ »õ°ÜÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. °³ÀÎÀº Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ Á¸ÀçÀÌ°í °³°³ÀÎÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÅëÀû Á¾±³´Â ¿ìÁÖÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ´ÜÁö ÀÚ±â Á¾Á· ȤÀº ±× ¹ÎÁ·¿¡ ±¹ÇѵȴÙ. ÇÑ ÀüÅë Á¾±³¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Á·¿¡°Ô ÀüµµÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀüÅëÁ¾±³·ÎÀÇ °³Á¾µµ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °¢ »çȸ´Â °íÀ¯ÇÑ Á¾±³Àû ¾ç½ÄÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³µéÀº â½ÃÀÚ³ª °³ÇõÀÚ°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µé ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ¿µ¿õÀ̳ª ÁöµµÀÚ, ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ ±×¸®°í À¯¸íÇÑ ³²³à°¡ ÀÌ ½Å¾Ó ü°è ¾È¿¡ Æ÷Ç﵃ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á×À½ ÀÌÈÄÀÇ »î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Å¾ÓÀº ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ¸ðµç »çȸ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ½Å¾ÓÀº Àå·¡ ´õ ÁÁÀº »îÀ» ¼Ò¸ÁÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Áö±Ý ¿©±â »ç´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³ È°µ¿°ú ½Å¾ÓÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ °ü½ÉÀÌ´Ù.

³ª´Â ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ °³Á¾ÇϱⰡ ¿Ö ±×¸® ¾î·Á¿î°¡ ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. °³°³ÀÎÀº Áö¿ª»çȸ °øµ¿Ã¼¿Í ±×µéÀÇ Á¾±³¿Í °ü½À¿¡ °á¼ÓµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÁýÀ» ¶°³ª ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È ¾Æ¸¶µµ ±³È¸¿¡ Ãâ¼® ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ °øµ¿Ã¼ ¾øÀÌ´Â Á¸ÀçÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ±âµ¶±³¿¡ ÀÇŹÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ ÁÖ¿¡ °è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Åµµ¿¡ ´ëÇØ °íÂûÇÏ·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀº ¾î¶² ŵµ·Î ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Á¾±³¸¦ º¸´Â°¡?


While I was reading a book titled African Religions and Philosophy written by John Mbiti, I thought it was a big mistake that I didn¡¯t read this book before I went to Africa. There were many reasons I didn¡¯t think of reading such a book, but one of them was my expectation that I could learn African religions and culture on the mission fields. Yes, through observations and questions I was able to understand them. But my understanding was so superficial and limited.
Among African Christian leaders and missionaries in Africa there is a saying: ¡®African Christianity is wide in miles, but deep in an inch.¡¯ I agreed fully to it and wondered why it was. As I was reading the book one chapter after another, I nodded my head and smiles were on my face because of knowing deeper meanings of Africans. Then a question arises: why should we look at traditional religions in postmodern era? As an answer to that, Mbiti starts as following: African Religions and Philosophy deals with traditional concepts and practices in those societies which have not been either Christian or Muslim in any deep way, before the colonial period in Africa.
Rapid changes are taking place in Africa, so that traditional ideas are being abandoned, modified or coloured by changing situations. However, it would be wrong to imagine that everything traditional has been changed or forgotten so much that no traces of it are to be found. Traditional concepts still form the essential background of many African peoples, though this differs from individuals to individuals and from place to place. There are many traditional beliefs and practices in Africa, but Mbiti gives us the overall picture of African religions and philosophy. In the introduction, he gives us quite important concepts of African traditional religions. He writes: Africans are notoriously religious, and each people has its own religious system with a set of beliefs and practices. Religion permeates into all the departments of life so fully that it is not easy to isolate it. Because of this, there is no formal distinction between the sacred and the secular, between the spiritual and the material areas of life.
To ignore these traditional beliefs and practices can lead to a lack of understanding African behaviour and problems. Philosophy is behind the thinking and acting of every people, and a study of traditional religions brings us into those areas of African life where we may be able to discern African peoples¡¯ thought and acts and words in different situations. Traditional religions are not primarily for the individual, but for his community of which he is part. To be human is to belong to the whole community, and is to participate in the beliefs, ceremonies, rituals and festivals of that community.
Modern change leaves individuals a vacuum lack of a solid religious foundation. Christianity which confines them one or two times in a week is not enough to embrace their vacuum. Traditionally the whole environment and the whole time must be occupied by religious meanings, so that at any moment and in any place, a person feels secure enough to act in a meaningful and religious consciousness. In traditional religions there are no creeds to be recited. Instead, the creeds are written in the heart of the individual. Where the individual is, there is his religion, for he is a religious being. Religion is in their whole system of being. Traditional religions are not universal. They are tribal or national. One traditional religion cannot be propagated in another tribal group. Similarly, there is no conversion from one traditional religion to another. Each society has its own religious system. African religions have neither founders nor reformers. But they may incorporate national heroes, leaders, rulers and other famous men and women into their body of beliefs. Belief in the continuation of life after death is found in all African societies.
But this belief does not constitute a hope for a future and better life. To live here and now is the most important concern of African religious activities and beliefs. With these points I became to know that why one person is not easy to change his or her religion. Each person is so tied to his or her community and its religion and practices. He may attend church while he is far away from home but cannot commit himself to Christianity fully, because he cannot exist without his community.
Next time we are going to look at our attitudes toward African religions. How do you look at African religions?
ÇÁ¸°Æ® ¸ÞÀϺ¸³»±â
°ü¸®ÀÚ ¸ðµåTOP